<펌>Dnipro

Dnipro

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This article is about the city. For other uses, see Dnipro (disambiguation).

"Dnipropetrovsk" redirects here. For other uses, see Dnipropetrovsk (disambiguation).

DniproДніпроUkrainian transcription(s) • RomanizationCountryOblastRaionFoundedCity StatusAdministrative HQRaionsGovernment • Type • MayorArea • CityElevationPopulation (2021) • City • Rank • Density • MetroDemonym(s)Time zone • Summer (DST)Postal codeArea code(s)Website

City

Dnipro

Сentral Dnipro skyline, Transfiguration Cathedral, Merefa-Kherson bridge, Monastyrskyi Island and Dnipro river

Flag Coat of arms

Dnipro's location within Dnipropetrovsk Oblast

Dnipro Location of Dnipro in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Show map of Dnipropetrovsk OblastShow map of UkraineShow map of EuropeShow all

Coordinates: 48°28′03″N 35°02′24″ECoordinates: 48°28′03″N 35°02′24″E

Ukraine

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast

Dnipro Raion

1776 (246 years ago) (officially[1])

1778

Dnipro City Hall, 75 Akademik Yavornitskyi Prospekt

show List of 8

City council, regional

Borys Filatov[2] (Proposition[2])

409.718 km2 (158.193 sq mi)

155 m (509 ft)

Template:Increases 1,407,641

4th, UA

2,411/km2 (6,240/sq mi)

993,220

Dnipryanin, Dnipryanka, Dnipryani

UTC+2 (EET)

UTC+3 (EEST)

49000—49489

+380 56(2)

dniprorada.gov.ua

Dnipro (Ukrainian: Дніпро [dn⁽ʲ⁾iˈprɔ] (listen)), formerly known in Tsarist rule as Yekaterinoslav (Russian: Екатериносла́в, IPA: [jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnɐˈsɫaf], Ukrainian: Катеринослав [kɐtɛrɪnoˈslɑu̯]), and in Soviet era as Dnipropetrovsk (Ukrainian: Дніпропетро́вськ [ˌdn⁽ʲ⁾ipropeˈtrɔu̯sʲk], Russian: Днепропетровск, IPA: [dʲnʲɪprəpʲɪˈtrofsk]), is Ukraine's fourth-largest city, with about one million inhabitants.[3][4][5][6] It is located in the eastern part of Ukraine, 391 km (243 mi)[7] southeast of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv on the Dnipro River, after which it is named. Dnipro is the administrative centre of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. It hosts the administration of Dnipro urban hromada.[8] In 2021 it had an estimated population of 980,948.[9]The city traces its origins to a Russian settlement established in 1787 as the administrative centre of for a vast territory secured from the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Turks under the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774), and named Ekaterinoslav (Yekaterinoslav) in honour of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great. A century later, as a major metalurgical center, Ekaterinoslav was attracting foreign capital and an international, multi-ethnic, labor force

Renamed Dniepropetrovsk in 1926 after the Ukrainian Communist Party leader Grigory Petrovsky, it became a focus for the Stalin-era commitment to the rapid development of heavy industury. After the Second World War, this included nuclear, arms, and space industries whose strategic importance led to Dniepropetrovsk's designation as a "closed city".

 

In the politics of independent Ukraine, the city on the Dnieper played an outsized role as the hometown of national leaders and polically-connected billionaire businessmen – so-called oligarchs. At the beginning of 2014, Euromaidan protests against the purportedly pro-Russian Presidency Viktor Yanukovych prevailed on the streets of Dniepropetrovsk and in city council.The political transition was marked by the removal of Soviet-era symbols including, from May 2016, "Petrovsk" from the name of city.

 

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Dnipro rapidly developed as a logistical hub for humanitarian aid and a reception point for people fleeing multiple battle fronts.[10]

 

Geography

 

An aerial view of Dnipro. The Dnieper River, city's left and right banks, and a number of bridges can be seen.

The city is built mainly upon both banks of the Dnieper, at its confluence with the Samara River. In the loop of a major meander, the Dnieper changes its course from the north west to continue southerly and later south-westerly through Ukraine, ultimately passing Kherson, where it finally flows into the Black Sea.[citation needed]

Nowadays both the north and south banks play home to a range of industrial enterprises and manufacturing plants. The airport is located about 15 km (9.3 mi) south-east of the city.

 

The centre of the city is constructed on the right bank which is part of the Dnieper Upland, while the left bank is part of the Dnieper Lowland. The old town is situated atop a hill that is formed as a result of the river's change of course to the south. The change of river's direction is caused by its proximity to the Azov Upland located southeast of the city.[citation needed]

 

One of the city's streets, Akademik Yavornitskyi Prospekt, links the two major architectural ensembles of the city and constitutes an important thoroughfare through the centre, which along with various suburban radial road systems, provides some of the area's most vital transport links for both suburban and inter-urban travel.

 

Climate

 

Under the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system, Dnipro has a humid continental climate (Dfa/Dfb).[130] Snowfall is more common in the hills than at the city's lower elevations. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. However, according to other schemes (such as the Salvador Rivas-Martínez bioclimatic one), Dnipro has a Supratemperate bioclimate, and belongs to the Temperate xeric steppic thermoclimatic belt, due to high evapotranspiration.[131]

 

During the summer, Dnipro is very warm (average day temperature in July is 24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F), even hot sometimes 32 to 36 °C (90 to 97 °F). Temperatures as high as 36 °C (97 °F) have been recorded in May. Winter is not so cold (average day temperature in January is −4 to 0 °C (25 to 32 °F), but when there is no snow and the wind blows hard, it feels extremely cold. A mix of snow and rain happens usually in December.

 

The best time for visiting the city is in late spring (late April and May), and early in autumn: September, October, when the city's trees turn yellow. Other times are mainly dry with a few showers.[132]

 

"However, the city is characterized with significant pollution of air with industrial emissions."[133] The "severely polluted air and water" and allegedly "vast areas of decimated landscape" of Dnipro and Donetsk are considered by some to be an environmental crisis.[134] Though exactly where in Dnipropetrovsk these areas might be found is not stated.[134]