<펌>Amal dynasty

Amal dynasty

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigation Jump to search

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: The article uncritically repeats a lot of claims that have been much disputed or even refuted in postwar scholarship (refer to Heather 1991, Kulikowski 2006 for starters), such as the equivalence of the Greuthungi and the Ostrogoths and the claim that Ermanaric was an Amal -- note that Jordanes is a very problematic source (for many reasons shown by Heather). Please help improve this article if you can. (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

The Amali – also called Amals, Amalings or Amalungs – were a leading dynasty of the Goths, a Germanic people who confronted the Roman Empire during the decline of the Western Roman Empire.[1] They eventually became the royal house of the Ostrogoths and founded the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy.[2]

Contents

• 1 Origin
• 2 History
• 3 In Literature
• 4 Legacy
• 5 In popular culture
• 6 See also
• 7 Amali Rulers
• 8 Genealogy
• 9 See also
• 10 References
• 11 Sources

 

Origin

 

The Amal clan was claimed to have descended from the divine.[3] Jordanes accounts Gothic origins as follows: "Now the first of these heroes, as they themselves relate in their legends, was Gapt, who begat Hulmul. And Hulmul begat Augis; and Augis begat him who was called Amal, from whom the name of the Amali comes. Athal begat Achiulf and Oduulf. Now Achiulf begat Ansila and Ediulf, Vultuulf and Ermanaric."[4] Gapt or Gaut is the Scandinavian god of war. Hulmul or Humli-Hulmul, is considered the divine father of the Danish people.[3] Ermanaric (also referred to as Ermanaricus or Hermanaric), is identified as a Greuthungian king who ruled territories in modern Ukraine. Ermanaric signals the tenth generation, and the first generation to be backed by historical record.[3]

 

History

 

The Amali remained a prominent family as the Greuthungi evolved into the Ostrogoths, became vassals of the Huns and moved west. In 453, the Ostrogoths regained their independence under the Amali, Theodemir. According to Jordanes, "Vultuulf begat Valaravans and Valaravans begat Vinitharius. Vinitharius moreover begat Vandalarius; Vandalarius begat Theodemir and Valamir and Vidimer."[4] Theodemir's son, Theoderic the Great, founded the Ostrogothic Kingdom.

 

A separate branch of the family were members of the Visigoths. Sigeric, a brief usurper to the Visigothic throne in 415, may have been a member of the Amali. Another Visigoth, Eutharic, reunited the branches of the family by marrying Theoderic's daughter Amalasuntha. Jordanes states "Hermanaric, the son of Achiulf, begat Hunimund, and Hunimund begat Thorismud. Now Thorismud begat Beremud, Beremud begat Veteric, and Veteric likewise begat Eutharic."

 

The last attested member of the Amali house was Theodegisclus, son of Theodahad.

 

In Literature

 

In the Nibelungenlied and some other medieval German epic poems, the followers of Dietrich von Bern are referred to as 'Amelungen'. In other cases, Amelung is reinterpreted as the name of one of Dietrich's ancestors. The Kaiserchronik also refers to Dietrich/Theoderic's family as the 'Amelungen', and in a letter of bishop Meinhard von Bamberg, as well as the Annals of Quedlinburg, 'Amulungum'/'Amelung' ("the Amelung") is used to refer to Dietrich himself. This shows that the family's legacy was remembered in oral tradition far into the Middle Ages, long after any stories about Amal himself had ceased to circulate.

 

Cassiodorus' Origo Gothica describes the Goths moving to the Black Sea, where they split into two factions, the Amali, who would later become the Ostrogoths, and the Balthi, who become the Visigoths. Both the Amali and the Balthi are recalled as families of "kings and heroes."[3] However, even before Cassiodorus' time, the tradition of the Amal appeared to be still popular. This is shown in the naming of the royals, like Theodoric's daughters, Ostrogotho and Amalasuintha, and his sister, Amalafrida, who were all given Amal names.[3]

 

Legacy

 

At least two families claimed descent from Amali. The first family was Billungs, Dukes of Saxony. They were also known as Amelungs or von Ömlingen. Another family was Solovjovs, Barons of the Russian Empire from 1727 (in German speaking sources known as von Solowhoff or Solowhoff von Greutungen). Solovjovs claimed Ermanaric was their ancestor.

 

In popular culture

• The Amali appear as the "Amaling" dynasty in the grand strategy game Crusader Kings 2.

 

See also

• Balt dynasty

 

Amali Rulers

• Ermanaric, king of the Greuthungi, ca 370
• Sigeric, king of the Visigoths, 415
• Theodemir, king of the Ostrogoths, until 474
• Theoderic the Great, king of the Ostrogoths, 474–526
• Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths, 526–534
• Theodahad, king of the Ostrogoths, 534–536

 

Genealogy

Ermanaric king of Goths

HOUSE OF AMAL

Sigeric king of Visigoths

Thiudimir

Theodemir king of Ostrogoths ∞ Ereleuva

(daughter) ∞ Valamir king of Ostrogoths

Amalafrida ∞ 1.(unknown) 2.Thrasamund king of Vandals

Theoderic the Great king of Ostrogoths, Visigoths

Audofleda

Clovis I king of Franks Merovingian dynasty

Amalaberga ∞ Hermanafrid king of Thuringii

(1?) Theodahad king of Ostrogoths ∞ Gudeliva

Amalasuintha ∞ 1.Traguilla 2.Eutharic consul

Ostrogotho ∞ Sigismund king of Burgundians

∞ Anicius?

Justin I Roman Emperor

Vigilantia

(2) Athalaric king of Ostrogoths

(2) Mataswintha ∞ 1.Vitiges king of Ostrogoths

2.Germanus general

Justinian I Roman Emperor Justinian dynasty

 

See also

• The Origin and Deeds of the Goths (Getica)