Crna River (Vardar)

Crna River (Vardar)

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Crna River
Crna River in western North Macedonia
Native name	Црна Река  (Macedonian)
Location
Country	North Macedonia
Physical characteristics
Source
⁃ location	Zeleznec
Mouth
⁃ location	Vardar
⁃ coordinates	41°33′18″N 21°58′49″ECoordinates: 41°33′18″N 21°58′49″E
Length	207 km (129 mi)
Basin features
Progression	Vardar→ Aegean Sea

Rivers of North Macedonia

Crna River (Macedonian: Црна Река (help·info), romanized: Crna Reka, "Black River") is a river in North Macedonia. It is the right tributary of the Vardar River. It runs through much of the south and west of the country. Its source is in the mountains of western North Macedonia, northwest of Demir Hisar.

It enters the Pelagonia valley at the village of Buchin and then flows through the village Sopotnica, and southwards through the plains east of Bitola. At Brod (Novaci Municipality) it turns northeast. It leaves the Pelagonia valley at the Staravina village and goes in the biggest canyon in Macedonia, the Skočivir valley and flows into the Vardar river between Rosoman and Gradsko.

Thus, the river makes a bend of almost 180 degrees east of Bitola. This bend was part of the Macedonian front in World War I. It was known to the allied forces as the Cerna Bend or Cerna Loop, and two major battles were fought here: the Battle of the Cerna Bend (1916) and the Battle of the Cerna Bend (1917).

The name Crna Reka means "Black River" in Macedonian, a translation of its earlier Thracian name, Erigon (Ancient Greek: Ἐριγών), meaning "black", akin to Greek érebos, "darkness"; Armenian erek, "evening"; Old Norse røkkr, "darkness"; Gothic riqis, "darkness"; Sanskrit rájas, "night"; and Tocharian B orkamo, "dark".^[1]

The Erigon river is mentioned by Arrian in the Anabasis of Alexander,^[2], Livy in the History of Rome^[3] Strabo in the Geographica,^[4] Athenaeus in the Deipnosophistae.^[5]

References

1. ^ Katičic', Radoslav. Ancient Languages of the Balkans. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 147
2. ^ Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander, §1.5.2
3. ^ §31.39, §39.53
4. ^ Strabo, Geography, §7.7.8,, §7.7.9, §7.8.12, §7.8.20, §7.8.22, §7.8.23, §7.8.48
5. ^ Athenaeus, Deipnosophists ,§2.43