[출처] <펌>Scythians|작성자 CG Park
Gold Scythian belt title, Mingachevir (ancient Scythian kingdom), Azerbaijan, 7th century BC |
Reliefs depicting the soldiers of the Achaemenid army, Xerxes I tomb, circa 480 BCE. The Achaemenids referred to all nomads to their north as Saka,[31] and divided them into three categories: The Sakā tayai paradraya ("beyond the sea", presumably the Scythians), the Sakā tigraxaudā ("with pointed caps"), and the Sakā haumavargā ("Hauma drinkers", furthest East).[43] |
Scythian king Skilurus, relief from Scythian Neapolis, Crimea, 2nd century BC |
The territory of the Scythae Basilaei ("Royal Scyths") along the north shore of the Black Sea around 125 AD |
The 5th-century BC Greek historian Herodotus is the most important literary source on the origins of the Scythians |
There is also another different story, now to be related, in which I am more inclined to put faith than in any other. It is that the wandering Scythians once dwelt in Asia, and there warred with the Massagetae, but with ill success; they therefore quitted their homes, crossed the Araxes, and entered the land of Cimmeria.
Scythian defence line 339 BC reconstruction in Polgár, Hungary |
The famous gold stag of Kostromskaya, Russia |
Distribution of Scythian kurgans and other sites along the Dnieper Rapids during the Classical Scythian period
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West side of the Kozel Kurgans |
Remains of Scythian Neapolis near modern-day Simferopol, Crimea. It served as a political center of the Scythians in the Late Scythian period. |
Kurgan stelae of a Scythian at Khortytsia, Ukraine |
Since the Scythians did not have a written language, their non-material culture can only be pieced together through writings by non-Scythian authors, parallels found among other Iranian peoples, and archaeological evidence.[5]
Scythian archers using the Scythian bow, Kerch (ancient Panticapeum), Crimea, 4th century BC. The Scythians were skilled archers whose style of archery influenced that of the Persians and subsequently other nations, including the Greeks.[55] |
Main article: Scythian clothing
Scythian warriors, drawn after figures on an electrum cup from the Kul-Oba kurgan burial near Kerch, Crimea. The warrior on the right strings his bow, bracing it behind his knee; note the typical pointed hood, long jacket with fur or fleece trimming at the edges, decorated trousers, and short boots tied at the ankle. Scythians apparently wore their hair long and loose, and all adult men apparently bearded. The gorytos appears clearly on the left hip of the bare-headed spearman. The shield of the central figure may be made of plain leather over a wooden or wicker base. (Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg) |
Main article: Scythian religion
Main article: Scythian art
Gold pectoral, or neckpiece, from a royal kurgan in Tovsta Mohyla, Pokrov, Ukraine, dated to the second half of the 4th century BC, of Greek workmanship. The central lower tier shows three horses, each being torn apart by two griffins. Scythian art was especially focused on animal figures. |
An Attic vase-painting of a Scythian archer (a police force in Athens) by Epiktetos, 520–500 BC |
In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythians" was used in Greco-Roman literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe. This includes Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars and Khazars. None of these peoples had any relation whatsoever with the actual Scythians.[25]
Scythians at the Tomb of Ovid (c. 1640), by Johann Heinrich Schönfeld |
Romantic nationalism: Battle between the Scythians and the Slavs (Viktor Vasnetsov, 1881) |
Eugène Delacroix's painting of the Roman poet, Ovid, in exile among the Scythians[82] |
Genetic Make-up of the Saka and Scythian cultures
Cimmerians warriors
<펌>Scythians - wikipedia (0) | 2024.04.10 |
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